The state capital of the federal state of Saxony and at the same time the largest conurbation in the state is Dresden, the most populous city is Leipzig, the third city is Chemnitz.
Even in prehistory, today's Saxony was an important area for those who wanted to travel across the low mountain ranges. Archaeological traces indicate that the area was colonized by band ceramic cultures around 5500 BC. BC from later Bohemia. The preferred settlement area was the wide floodplains of the Elbe, Mulde and Spree in the foothills of the mountains.